Eye movements recording systems
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Introduction
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Metrovision's eye movements recording system
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Two eye movement recording techniques are available on the Metrovision system: Video-oculography (VOG) and Electro-oculography (EOG).
VOG and EOG can be supplied independently or combined.
They can also be added to the MonCv3 visual field perimeter or to the MonPackONE vision electrophysiology system.
The equipment is controlled from a standard high-performance PC under Windows 11 PRO.
Tests are presented at a distance of 30 cm from the eyes.
In addition, a large display monitor can also be used to perform EOG exams at a distance of 1 meter.
Technology
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Video-oculography and Electro-oculography
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- Video-oculography (VOG)
A high-resolution 200 Hz video sensor combined with advanced image processing measures the position of a reflective dot to determine the movements of the head.
The positions of the pupils in relation to this patch are used to determine the movements of the eyes. Compared with the pupil-corneal reflex technique, this solution is relatively insensitive to stray reflections (tears, corrective lenses, etc.) and can measure eye movements of large amplitude.
- Electro-oculography (EOG)
Electrodes connected to a 4 channels bioelectric amplifier record variations of the bioelectric potential occuring as a result of eye movements between skin electrodes placed near the orbit, on both sides of the cornea-retina axis.
- Video recording
Synchronized high-speed video recording can be performed with both VOG and EOG.
Comparison of VOG and EOG techniques
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Comparison of VOG and EOG techniques
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Key points
- Metrovision's VOG technique does not require a helmet and is easily adaptated to most patients. However, the access to the pupil images is necessary and the use of VOG may be limited in some circumstances (tests performed with closed eyes, patients with difficulties opening the eyes, presence of tears,..);
- EOG allows recording eye movements in almost every patient despite the use of electrodes. However results may be less accurate than with VOG because of artefacts such as electrode drifts, blinks, ...;
Clinical applications
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Example of saccades and pursuite analysis
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The clinical applications of eye movements recording are numerous:
- the evaluation of eye movements
during fixations, saccades, pursuits and optokinetic nystagmus
- the analysis of scan path during the exploration of visual scenes or reading
- the evaluation of fixation and pupil size
during exams of visual functions
(perimetry, dark adaptation, vision electrophysiology,..)
Additional information:
References for EOG
PDFDynamic Electrooculography findings for medial rectus myofascial release in esodeviation.
PDFOKN asymmetry in infantile esotropia.
PDFVertical and horizontal smooth pursuit eye movements in children with developmental coordination disorder.
PDFSubtypes of developmental coordination disorder: research on their nature and etiology.
PDFFamilial congenital oculomotor apraxia: Clinical and electro-oculographic features.
PDFVertical and horizontal smooth pursuit eye movements in children.
PDFNystagmus characteristics in congenital stationary night blindness.
PDFOcular motility and Wilson's disease: A study on 34 patients.
References for VOG
PDFA case of chorea with slow saccades caused by NKX2-1 mutation
PDFNovel idiopathic congenital nystagmus causing missense mutation, p.G296C, in the FRMD7 gene
PDFCongenital fibrosis syndrome associated with central nervous system abnormalities
PDFOptokinetic Nystagmus in Strabismus: Are Asymmetries Related to Binocularity?
PDFOptokinetic nystagmus in patients with central scotomas in age-related macular degeneration
PDFQuantitative assessement of the static properties of the oculo-motor system.